Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology
Volume 33, Issue 2 , Pages 246-253 , February 2007

Neck lymph nodes: Prediction by computer-assisted contrast medium analysis?

  • Johannes Zenk

      Affiliations

    • Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: J. Zenk, M.D., Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Waldstrasse 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
    • ,
  • Alessandro Bozzato

      Affiliations

    • Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
    • ,
  • Joachim Hornung

      Affiliations

    • Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
    • ,
  • Frank Gottwald

      Affiliations

    • Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
    • ,
  • Christina Rabe

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
    • ,
  • Sandra Gill

      Affiliations

    • Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
    • ,
  • Heinrich Iro

      Affiliations

    • Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

Received 25 April 2006 ,Revised 3 August 2006 ,Accepted 10 August 2006.

References 

  1. Ahuja AT, Ying M. Evaluation of cervical lymph node vascularity: A comparison of colour Doppler, power Doppler and 3-D power Doppler sonography. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2004;30:1557–1564
  2. Ahuja AT, Ying M. Sonographic evaluation of cervical lymph nodes. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005;184:1691–1699
  3. Ariji Y, Kimura Y, Hayashi N, et al. Power Doppler sonography of cervical lymph nodes in patients with head and neck cancer. Am J Neuroradiol. 1998;19:303–307
  4. Benzel W, Zenk J, Winter M, Iro H. Colour Doppler ultrasound studies of benign and malignant lymph nodes. HNO. 1996;44:666–671
  5. Chikui T, Yonetsu K, Nakamura T. Multivariate feature analysis of sonographic findings of metastatic cervical lymph nodes: contribution of blood flow features revealed by power Doppler sonography for predicting metastasis. Am J Neuroradiol. 2000;21:561–567
  6. DeLong ER, DeLong DH, Clarke-Pearson DL. Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: A nonparametric approach. Biometrics. 1988;44:837–845
  7. Delorme S, Dietz A, Rudat V, et al. Prognostic significance of colour Doppler findings in head and neck tumours. Ultrasound Med Biol. 1997;23:1311–1317
  8. Dragoni F, Cartoni C, Pescarmona E, et al. The role of high resolution pulsed and colour Doppler ultrasound in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lymphadenopathy. Cancer. 1999;85:2485–2490
  9. Eichhorn T, Schroeder HG, Glanz H, Schwerk WB. Histologically controlled comparison of palpation and sonography in the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastases. Laryngol Rhinol Otol. 1987;66:266–274
  10. Ellegala DB, Leong-Poi H, Carpenter JE, et al. Imaging tumour angiogenesis with contrast ultrasound and microbubbles targeted to avβ3. Circulation. 2003;108:336–341
  11. Giancarlo T, Palmieri A, Giacomarra V, Russolo M. Pre-operative evaluation of cervical adenopathies in tumours of the upper aerodigestive tract. Anticancer Res. 1998;18:2805–2809
  12. Giovagnorio F, Caiazzo R, Avitto A. Evaluation of vascular patterns of cervical lymph nodes with power Doppler sonography. J Clin Ultrasound. 1997;25:71–76
  13. Hamper UM, DeJong MR, Caskey CI, Sheth S. Power Doppler imaging: Clinical experience and correlation with colour Doppler US and other imaging modalities. Radiographics. 1997;17:499–451
  14. Ho SS, Metreweli C, Ahuja AT. Does anybody know how we should measure Doppler parameters in lymph nodes?. Clin Radiol. 2001;56:124–126
  15. Issing PR, Kettling T, Kempf HG, Heermann R, Lenarz T. Ultrasound evaluation of characteristics of cervical lymph nodes with special reference to colour Doppler ultrasound (A contribution to differentiating reactive from metastatic lymph node involvement in the neck). Laryngorhinootologie. 1999;77:566–572
  16. Maurer J, Willam C, Schroeder R, et al. Evaluation of metastases and reactive lymph nodes in Doppler sonography using an ultrasound contrast enhancer. Invest Radiol. 1997;32:441–446
  17. Moritz JD, Ludwig A, Oestmann JW. Contrast-enhanced colour-coded Doppler sonography for evaluation of enlarged cervical lymph nodes in head and neck tumours. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000;174:1279–1284
  18. R Development Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, 2005. Available at: http://www.R-project.org
  19. Rubaltelli L, Khadivi Y, Tregnaghi A, et al. Evaluation of lymph node perfusion using continuous mode harmonic ultrasonography with a second-generation contrast agent. J Ultrasound Med. 2004;23:829–836
  20. Scheipers U, Siebers S, Gottwald F, et al. Sonohistology for the computerized differentiation of parotid gland tumours. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2005;31:1287–1296
  21. Schroder RJ, Maurer J, Hidajat N, et al. Signal-enhanced colour-coded duplex sonography of reactively and metastatically enlarged lymph nodes. Rofo. 1998;168:57–63
  22. Schulte-Altedorneburg G, Demharter J, Linne R, et al. Does ultrasound contrast agent improve the diagnostic value of colour and power Doppler sonography in superficial lymph node enlargement?. Eur J Radiol. 2003;48:252–257
  23. Solbiati L, Rizzatto G, Belotti E. High resolution sonography of cervical lymph nodes in head and neck cancer: Criteria for differentiation of reactive versus malignant nodes. Radiology. 1988;169:113
  24. Solbiati L, Osti V, Cova L, Tonolini M. Ultrasound of thyroid, parathyroid glands and neck lymph nodes. Eur Radiol. 2001;11:2411–2424
  25. Som PM. Lymph nodes of the neck. Radiology. 1987;165:593–600
  26. Steinkamp HJ, Maurer J, Cornehl M, et al. Recurrent cervical lymphadenopathy: differential diagnosis with colour-duplex sonography. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1994;251:404–409
  27. Steinkamp HJ, Mueffelmann M, Bock JC, et al. Differential diagnosis of lymph node lesions: A semiquantitative approach with colour-Doppler ultrasound. Br J Radiol. 1998;71:828–833
  28. Steinkamp HJ, Wissgott C, Rademaker J, Felix R. Current status of power Doppler and colour-coded Doppler sonography in the differential diagnosis of lymph node lesions. Eur Radiol. 2002;12:1785–1793
  29. Tschammler A, Knitter J, Wittenberg G, Krahe TH, Hahn D. Quantification of lymph node perfusion using colour duplex ultrasonography. Rofo. 1995;163:203–209
  30. Tschammler A, Beer M, Hahn D. Differential diagnosis of lymphadenopathy: Power Doppler vs colour Doppler sonography. Eur Radiol. 2002;12:1794–1799
  31. Valentin L. Gray scale sonography, subjective evaluation of the colour Doppler image and measurement of blood flow velocity for distinguishing benign and malignant tumours of suspected adnexal origin. Eur J Obst Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1997;72:63–72
  32. Van den Brekel MW, Castelijns JA, Snow GB. The size of lymph nodes in the neck on sonograms as a radiologic criterion for metastasis: How reliable is it?. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1998;19:695–700
  33. Vassallo P, Wernecke K, Roos N, Peters PE. Differentiation of benign from malignant superficial lymphadenopathy: The role of high-resolution US. Radiology. 1992;183:215–220
  34. Wu CH, Hsu MM, Chang YL, Hsieh FJ. Vascular pathology of malignant cervical lymphadenopathy: Qualitative and quantitative assessment with power Doppler ultrasound. Cancer. 1998;83:1189–1196
  35. Wu CH, Lee MM, Huang KC, et al. A probability prediction rule for malignant cervical lymphadenopathy using sonography. Head Neck. 2000;22:223–228
  36. Ying M, Ahuja A, Brook F. Accuracy of sonographic vascular features in differentiating different causes of cervical lymphadenopathy. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2004;30:441–447
  37. Youden WJ. Index for rating diagnostic tests. Cancer. 1950;3:32–35
  38. Zenk J, Bozzato A, Steinhart H, Greess H, Iro H. Metastatic and inflammatory cervical lymph nodes as analyzed by contrast-enhanced colour-coded Doppler ultrasonography: Quantitative dynamic perfusion patterns and histopathologic correlation. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2005;114:43–47

PII: S0301-5629(06)01789-3

doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.08.005

Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology
Volume 33, Issue 2 , Pages 246-253 , February 2007

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution